Peptide Guides

The recovery peptide backed by 30+ years of research

BPC-157 is a synthetic peptide derived from a naturally occurring protein in human gastric juice. Research suggests it accelerates healing of tendons, ligaments, muscles, and the gut lining.

Systemic tissue repair - from tendons to cardiac muscle

TB-500 is a synthetic fragment of Thymosin Beta-4, a naturally occurring peptide involved in tissue repair, cell migration, and inflammation regulation.

The anti-inflammatory tripeptide derived from α-MSH

KPV is a tripeptide fragment of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone with potent anti-inflammatory properties, particularly for gut inflammation.

Block myostatin and boost muscle growth potential

Follistatin is a naturally occurring glycoprotein that binds and neutralises myostatin, the primary negative regulator of muscle growth. It has attracted significant interest for muscle wasting conditions and athletic performance.

The active fragment of TB-500 that targets fibrosis and inflammation

Ac-SDKP is a naturally occurring tetrapeptide released from Thymosin Beta-4 by prolyl oligopeptidase. It is the primary anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory fragment responsible for many of TB-500's tissue repair effects.

EPO-derived tissue protector without blood effects

ARA-290 (cibinetide) is a synthetic peptide derived from erythropoietin that retains tissue-protective and anti-inflammatory properties without stimulating red blood cell production.

The stress-hormone blocker that regrew hair in mice

Astressin-B is a CRF (corticotropin-releasing factor) receptor antagonist that made headlines when a single injection caused full hair regrowth in stressed, bald mice.

Simplified relaxin peptide targeting organ fibrosis

B7-33 is a single-chain analog of the hormone relaxin-2, developed to retain its anti-fibrotic and vasodilatory effects while being easier to manufacture than the native two-chain molecule.

Kidney-protective peptide from diabetes research

Nephrilin is a small peptide that has shown kidney-protective effects in animal models of diabetic nephropathy. It reduces proteinuria and fibrosis in damaged kidneys.

Khavinson tripeptide for cartilage and connective tissue

Cartalax is a synthetic tripeptide bioregulator from the Khavinson group, targeting cartilage and connective tissue health. It is used in Russian medicine for joint-related conditions.

The copper peptide your skin used to make on its own

GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring copper peptide that declines with age. Research links it to collagen synthesis, wound healing, anti-inflammatory effects, and gene expression modulation.

The copper-free tripeptide for tissue remodelling

GHK is the base tripeptide (without copper) that signals tissue remodelling. While GHK-Cu gets more attention, GHK alone has significant biological activity.

The topical 'botox alternative' peptide for expression lines

Snap-8 is an eight-amino-acid peptide that inhibits SNARE complex formation, reducing the release of neurotransmitters that trigger facial muscle contraction. Applied topically, it targets expression lines and wrinkles without needles.

The collagen-boosting peptide found in your favourite serum

Matrixyl (palmitoyl pentapeptide-4) is one of the most clinically validated skincare peptides, shown to stimulate collagen I, III, and IV production. It is a matrikine - a peptide fragment that signals the skin to repair itself.

The copper tripeptide for hair growth stimulation

AHK-Cu is a copper-chelated tripeptide related to GHK-Cu that shows promise specifically for hair follicle stimulation. It promotes dermal papilla cell proliferation and extends the hair growth (anagen) phase.

The GLP-1 agonist behind the weight loss revolution

Semaglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist originally developed for type 2 diabetes. It has become one of the most discussed compounds in weight management, with clinical trials showing 15–17% body weight reduction.

The dual-action GLP-1 that outperforms Ozempic in every trial

Tirzepatide is a dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist that has shown up to 20.9% body weight reduction in clinical trials - surpassing semaglutide in head-to-head comparisons.

The HGH fragment that targets fat without the side effects

AOD-9604 is a modified fragment of human growth hormone (amino acids 176-191) that stimulates fat metabolism without affecting blood sugar or growth. Originally developed as an anti-obesity drug.

The triple agonist showing 24% weight loss in trials

Retatrutide is a next-generation triple hormone receptor agonist (GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon) in Phase 3 clinical trials. Early data showed up to 24.2% body weight reduction - the most ever seen in a drug trial.

The NNMT inhibitor that targets stubborn fat at the cellular level

5-Amino-1MQ is a small molecule that inhibits NNMT, an enzyme linked to fat cell expansion and metabolic dysfunction. It represents a novel approach to fat loss that works at the epigenetic level.

The natural hormone behind the weight loss revolution

GLP-1 is the incretin hormone that semaglutide and tirzepatide mimic. Understanding native GLP-1 is key to understanding the entire GLP-1 agonist class.

The original daily GLP-1 agonist for weight and metabolic health

Liraglutide is an FDA-approved GLP-1 receptor agonist used for type 2 diabetes (Victoza) and chronic weight management (Saxenda). It was the first long-acting GLP-1 agonist to demonstrate significant weight loss in clinical trials.

Long-acting amylin analog powering CagriSema

Cagrilintide is a long-acting amylin analog developed by Novo Nordisk for obesity and type 2 diabetes. It is a key component of CagriSema, the combination therapy with semaglutide.

China's dual-agonist obesity drug in late-stage trials

Mazdutide is a dual GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist developed by Eli Lilly and licensed to Innovent Biologics in China. Phase 3 trials show approximately 15-18% weight loss.

Boehringer Ingelheim's dual-agonist targeting MASH and obesity

Survodutide is a dual GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist developed by Boehringer Ingelheim, showing strong results for both weight loss and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH/NASH).

The only known compound that activates telomerase in humans

Epithalon is a synthetic tetrapeptide based on Epithalamin, a natural extract from the pineal gland. Research suggests it activates telomerase, the enzyme that maintains telomere length - a key marker of biological aging.

The cellular fuel molecule that declines 50% by middle age

NAD+ is a coenzyme found in every living cell, essential for energy metabolism, DNA repair, and sirtuin activation. Levels decline significantly with age, driving interest in supplementation via IV, injection, and precursors.

The exercise-mimicking peptide encoded in your mitochondrial DNA

MOTS-c is a mitochondrial-derived peptide that activates AMPK, the same pathway triggered by exercise. Research links it to improved metabolic function, insulin sensitivity, and exercise performance.

The master antioxidant your cells depend on

Glutathione is the body's most abundant antioxidant, found in every cell. It neutralises free radicals, supports detoxification, and declines significantly with age.

The mitochondrial SOS signal that protects cells from stress

Humanin is a 24-amino-acid peptide encoded by mitochondrial DNA, discovered through its ability to protect neurons from Alzheimer's-related cell death. It has since been linked to metabolic health, longevity, and stress resistance.

The mitochondrial cardiolipin peptide targeting cellular energy decline

SS-31 (elamipretide) is a synthetic tetrapeptide that concentrates 5,000-fold in the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it stabilises cardiolipin and restores electron transport chain efficiency. It is in clinical trials for heart failure, mitochondrial myopathy, and age-related diseases.

Senolytic peptide that targets zombie cells

FOXO4-DRI is a modified peptide that selectively induces apoptosis in senescent cells by disrupting the FOXO4-p53 interaction that keeps these cells alive.

Khavinson tripeptide for vascular health and blood vessel repair

Vesugen is a synthetic tripeptide bioregulator from the Khavinson group targeting vascular endothelial cell function and blood vessel health.

The growth hormone secretagogue stack that works while you sleep

CJC-1295 and Ipamorelin are two peptides commonly stacked to stimulate natural growth hormone release. Together, they amplify the body's own GH pulsatile pattern without suppressing natural production.

Three times more potent than native IGF-1

IGF-1 LR3 is a modified version of insulin-like growth factor 1 with enhanced potency and longer half-life. Used in muscle-building and anti-aging research.

The original GH-releasing peptide - FDA-approved since 1997

Sermorelin is a synthetic analog of GHRH that stimulates natural growth hormone production from the pituitary. One of the few peptides with FDA approval history.

The cleanest growth hormone secretagogue available

Ipamorelin is a selective GH secretagogue that stimulates growth hormone release without affecting cortisol, prolactin, or appetite. Often considered the safest GH peptide.

The strongest GH secretagogue - with cardioprotective effects

Hexarelin produces the largest GH release of any secretagogue and has unique cardioprotective properties. More potent than ipamorelin but with a less selective profile.

FDA-approved GHRH analog that reduces visceral fat

Tesamorelin is an FDA-approved GHRH analog specifically indicated for reducing visceral adipose tissue. One of the few peptides with current regulatory approval.

The original GH secretagogue - potent but hungry

GHRP-6 was one of the first synthetic GH secretagogues. It produces significant GH release but is known for dramatically increasing appetite.

The oral GH secretagogue - no injection required

MK-677 (ibutamoren) is an orally active, non-peptide GH secretagogue. It raises GH and IGF-1 levels for up to 24 hours from a single oral dose.

The shorter-acting GH secretagogue for pulsatile release

CJC-1295 without DAC (also called mod-GRF 1-29) is a modified growth hormone releasing hormone analogue that preserves natural pulsatile GH release patterns. It has a shorter half-life than the DAC version, making it popular for more physiological dosing.

Myostatin trap designed for muscle wasting diseases

ACE-031 is a soluble activin receptor type IIB fusion protein that acts as a myostatin and activin trap. It was developed by Acceleron Pharma for Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

The strongest GHRP with an approved diagnostic use

GHRP-2 (pralmorelin) is a synthetic growth hormone releasing peptide that produces the strongest GH release of the GHRP family. It is approved in Japan for diagnostic testing of GH deficiency.

10x more potent than IGF-1 with no binding protein interference

IGF-1 DES is a truncated version of IGF-1 missing the first three amino acids. This modification makes it approximately 10 times more potent because it cannot be sequestered by IGF binding proteins.

The exercise-induced IGF-1 splice variant for muscle repair

MGF (Mechano Growth Factor) is a splice variant of IGF-1 produced locally in muscle tissue in response to mechanical loading. It activates satellite cells that fuse with damaged muscle fibres.

Long-acting version of the muscle satellite cell activator

PEG-MGF is a pegylated version of Mechano Growth Factor with an extended half-life from minutes to hours. The PEG chain provides systemic distribution rather than localised action.

First FDA-approved drug for achondroplasia

Vosoritide (Voxzogo) is a modified C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) analog approved by the FDA for achondroplasia, the most common form of dwarfism. It is the first drug to directly promote bone growth in this condition.

The Russian nootropic peptide with 30 years of clinical use

Semax is a synthetic peptide analogue of ACTH(4-10) developed in Russia. It has been approved there since the 1990s for cognitive enhancement, stroke recovery, and neuroprotection.

The anxiolytic peptide that enhances cognition without sedation

Selank is a synthetic peptide analogue of the immunomodulatory protein tuftsin, developed in Russia alongside Semax. It has been approved in Russia since 2009 for anxiety and cognitive enhancement.

Seven orders of magnitude more potent than BDNF

Dihexa is a small peptide analog of angiotensin IV that crosses the blood-brain barrier and dramatically enhances cognitive function in animal models.

Fast-acting antidepressant peptide via TREK-1 channels

PE-22-28 is a synthetic analog of spadin that blocks TREK-1 potassium channels. Research shows antidepressant effects within 4 days versus weeks for SSRIs.

Russian neuropeptide complex used clinically for decades

Cortexin is a mixture of neuropeptides derived from animal cerebral cortex. Clinically approved in Russia for stroke recovery, cognitive disorders, and neuroprotection.

Neurotrophic peptide mixture with 50+ years of clinical use

Cerebrolysin is a porcine brain-derived peptide preparation used clinically worldwide for stroke, dementia, and traumatic brain injury. Approved in 40+ countries.

The dopaminergic nootropic from beta-carboline research

9-Me-BC is a heterocyclic amine that enhances dopamine neuron growth and differentiation. It has shown cognitive-enhancing and neuroprotective effects in animal studies.

The Russian nootropic 1000x more potent than piracetam

Noopept is a synthetic dipeptide-derived nootropic developed in Russia that crosses the blood-brain barrier and modulates AMPA and NMDA receptor activity. It is prescribed in Russia for cognitive impairment.

GDNF-derived peptide targeting Parkinson's disease

DNSP-11 is an 11-amino-acid peptide derived from the proprotein region of GDNF (Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor), developed as a potential treatment for Parkinson's disease.

Small-molecule neurogenesis booster from CNTF research

P21 is a modified tetrapeptide derived from ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) that promotes neurogenesis and reduces neuroinflammation. It crosses the blood-brain barrier and has shown cognitive benefits in Alzheimer's models.

The peptide that promotes deep restorative sleep

DSIP is a neuropeptide that promotes delta wave (deep) sleep, modulates stress hormones, and has been studied for its pain-modulating and hormonal-balancing effects.

The pineal gland bioregulator for sleep and neuroprotection

Pinealon is a tripeptide bioregulator (Glu-Asp-Arg) developed by the Khavinson group in Russia for normalising pineal gland function. Research suggests it supports melatonin synthesis, sleep architecture, and has neuroprotective properties.

The immune-modulating peptide approved in 30+ countries

Thymosin Alpha-1 is a thymic peptide that modulates immune function by enhancing T-cell maturation and function. It is approved as a pharmaceutical (Zadaxin) in over 30 countries for hepatitis and immune deficiency.

Your body's frontline antimicrobial peptide

LL-37 is the only cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide in humans. It kills bacteria, viruses, and fungi on contact and modulates the immune response.

The neuroimmune peptide for mould illness and CIRS

VIP is a 28-amino-acid neuropeptide with potent anti-inflammatory and immune-regulating properties. Central to CIRS (chronic inflammatory response syndrome) treatment protocols.

The thymus peptide that declines with immune aging

Thymulin is a nonapeptide hormone produced by the thymus gland, essential for T-cell maturation and immune regulation. Levels decline dramatically with thymic involution.

The thymus bioregulator peptide used clinically in Russia since 1982

Thymalin is a polypeptide complex extracted from calf thymus glands, used in Russian clinical medicine since 1982 for immune restoration. It differs from thymulin (a single nonapeptide) and thymosin alpha-1 (a synthetic peptide).

The simplest thymic peptide: just two amino acids

Thymogen is a synthetic dipeptide (Glu-Trp) developed in Russia as an immune modulator. Despite being only two amino acids, it has demonstrated T-cell modulatory activity in Russian clinical studies.

Khavinson's four-amino-acid lung bioregulator

Bronchogen is a synthetic tetrapeptide bioregulator developed by Vladimir Khavinson's group for supporting bronchial and lung tissue health.

Khavinson tripeptide for liver tissue support

Ovagen is a synthetic tripeptide bioregulator from the Khavinson group targeting hepatocyte function and liver tissue health.

The shortest Khavinson peptide: a two-amino-acid immune activator

Vilon is a synthetic dipeptide (Lys-Glu) from the Khavinson bioregulator program that modulates immune function. It is one of the shortest bioactive peptides in clinical use anywhere.

The tanning peptide with unexpected effects on libido and appetite

Melanotan 2 is a synthetic analogue of alpha-MSH that stimulates melanogenesis (tanning), increases libido, and reduces appetite. It is one of the most widely used peptides in Australia despite lacking regulatory approval.

The only FDA-approved peptide specifically for sexual dysfunction

PT-141 (Bremelanotide) is a melanocortin receptor agonist that works in the brain to increase sexual desire. It is FDA-approved as Vyleesi for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in women.

FDA-approved melanocortin for sun-sensitivity conditions

Melanotan-1 (afamelanotide) is a synthetic analog of alpha-MSH that stimulates melanin production. It is the only melanocortin peptide with regulatory approval, licensed for erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP).

The upstream signal that controls the entire hormone cascade

Kisspeptin is a hypothalamic neuropeptide that sits upstream of GnRH — the master signal driving LH, FSH, testosterone, and oestrogen. Discovered in 2001 and actively researched at Imperial College London, kisspeptin is studied for fertility diagnostics, hypogonadism, menopausal hot flashes (KNDy neuron hyperactivity), and hormonal recovery protocols. This guide covers the research, dosing used in trials, mechanism, and Australian vendor options.

The hormone that preserves fertility on TRT

HCG mimics luteinizing hormone, stimulating testosterone production and maintaining testicular function. Critical for men on TRT who want to preserve fertility.

The bonding hormone with far-reaching effects

Oxytocin is a nine-amino-acid peptide hormone known for its role in social bonding, trust, and reproduction. Increasingly researched for anxiety, autism, and metabolic effects.

Khavinson tetrapeptide for pancreatic function

Pancragen is a synthetic tetrapeptide bioregulator from the Khavinson group designed to support pancreatic function, particularly beta-cell health and insulin regulation.